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Question 1 of 9
1. Question
A new business initiative at a private bank requires guidance on BPWAV assembly re-commissioning as part of whistleblowing. The proposal raises questions about the facility management’s adherence to safety codes after an anonymous report suggested that backflow preventers on the hot water heating system were not properly vetted after a recent repair. During the audit of the re-commissioning process for these Backflow Preventers with Intermediate Atmospheric Vents (BPWAV), which step is essential to confirm the device is functioning correctly before the system is fully returned to service?
Correct
Correct: BPWAV assemblies (governed by ASSE 1012) are non-testable in-line devices that rely on an intermediate atmospheric vent to protect against backflow. During re-commissioning, the primary functional check is a visual inspection to ensure the vent is unobstructed and that the internal check valves are seating correctly, which is indicated by the absence of water discharging from the vent port when the system is pressurized.
Incorrect: Field testing with a differential pressure gauge is required for testable assemblies like Reduced Pressure Zone (RPZ) or Double Check Valve (DCV) assemblies, but BPWAVs lack the test cocks required for such procedures. Installing vented assemblies in below-grade vaults is a code violation because the vent could become submerged, creating a cross-connection. The air inlet must never be locked closed, as its purpose is to open and admit air to break a vacuum during a back-siphonage event.
Takeaway: Re-commissioning a BPWAV requires verifying the atmospheric vent’s integrity and ensuring the check valves seat properly without leakage under pressure.
Incorrect
Correct: BPWAV assemblies (governed by ASSE 1012) are non-testable in-line devices that rely on an intermediate atmospheric vent to protect against backflow. During re-commissioning, the primary functional check is a visual inspection to ensure the vent is unobstructed and that the internal check valves are seating correctly, which is indicated by the absence of water discharging from the vent port when the system is pressurized.
Incorrect: Field testing with a differential pressure gauge is required for testable assemblies like Reduced Pressure Zone (RPZ) or Double Check Valve (DCV) assemblies, but BPWAVs lack the test cocks required for such procedures. Installing vented assemblies in below-grade vaults is a code violation because the vent could become submerged, creating a cross-connection. The air inlet must never be locked closed, as its purpose is to open and admit air to break a vacuum during a back-siphonage event.
Takeaway: Re-commissioning a BPWAV requires verifying the atmospheric vent’s integrity and ensuring the check valves seat properly without leakage under pressure.
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Question 2 of 9
2. Question
A transaction monitoring alert at a wealth manager has triggered regarding SRBA assembly re-commissioning during complaints handling. The alert details show that an internal audit of the facility maintenance logs identified a Spill-Resistant Vacuum Breaker Assembly (SRBA) that was returned to service following a cleaning of the check valve seat without a subsequent field test. The technician noted that because no parts were replaced and the assembly was not fully disassembled, the original annual certification remained valid for the remaining six months of the cycle. According to ASSE 5110 standards and cross-connection control protocols, which action is required to ensure the assembly is properly re-commissioned?
Correct
Correct: According to ASSE 5110 and standard cross-connection control practices, any time a backflow prevention assembly is opened for repair, cleaning, or maintenance, it must be field-tested before being placed back into service. This ensures that the reassembly was performed correctly and that the mechanical components, such as the air inlet and check valve, meet the minimum performance standards (typically 1.0 psi for both in an SRBA).
Incorrect: Providing an affidavit or documentation of cleaning does not replace the physical requirement of a performance test. The hazard level of the application (high vs. low) dictates the type of assembly required but does not waive the testing requirements following maintenance. While opening valves slowly is a good operational practice to prevent water hammer, it does not verify the functional integrity of the internal components as a field test does.
Takeaway: Any internal maintenance or repair of a backflow prevention assembly necessitates an immediate field test to ensure the device functions according to its design specifications before re-commissioning.
Incorrect
Correct: According to ASSE 5110 and standard cross-connection control practices, any time a backflow prevention assembly is opened for repair, cleaning, or maintenance, it must be field-tested before being placed back into service. This ensures that the reassembly was performed correctly and that the mechanical components, such as the air inlet and check valve, meet the minimum performance standards (typically 1.0 psi for both in an SRBA).
Incorrect: Providing an affidavit or documentation of cleaning does not replace the physical requirement of a performance test. The hazard level of the application (high vs. low) dictates the type of assembly required but does not waive the testing requirements following maintenance. While opening valves slowly is a good operational practice to prevent water hammer, it does not verify the functional integrity of the internal components as a field test does.
Takeaway: Any internal maintenance or repair of a backflow prevention assembly necessitates an immediate field test to ensure the device functions according to its design specifications before re-commissioning.
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Question 3 of 9
3. Question
As the portfolio manager at an audit firm, you are reviewing DCVA assembly re-commissioning during gifts and entertainment when a suspicious activity escalation arrives on your desk. It reveals that a facility’s maintenance records for a Double Check Valve Assembly (DCVA) show a successful re-commissioning test after a check valve disc replacement. However, the audit log indicates the tester did not confirm the No. 2 shut-off valve was bubble-tight before recording the test results. According to ASSE 5110 standards, why is this specific procedural step mandatory for a valid re-commissioning?
Correct
Correct: In ASSE 5110 testing procedures for a Double Check Valve Assembly (DCVA), the No. 2 shut-off valve must be closed and verified as bubble-tight. This isolation is critical because any leakage through the No. 2 shut-off valve from the downstream system could introduce pressure fluctuations or backpressure into the assembly. Such interference would prevent the tester from obtaining an accurate, static reading of the pressure differential across the check valves, which is necessary to confirm they are holding at the required minimum of 1.0 psi.
Incorrect: Ensuring the assembly is isolated to prevent water hammer is a general plumbing practice but not the technical reason for the bubble-tight requirement during the test. Calibration of the test kit is a separate procedure performed before the test begins and does not depend on the No. 2 shut-off valve’s tightness. While confirming spring tension is a goal of the test, the tightness of the shut-off valve is the precondition that allows that measurement to be accurate, not the confirmation of the tension itself.
Takeaway: A bubble-tight No. 2 shut-off valve is essential in DCVA testing to prevent downstream pressure from compromising the accuracy of the check valve differential readings.
Incorrect
Correct: In ASSE 5110 testing procedures for a Double Check Valve Assembly (DCVA), the No. 2 shut-off valve must be closed and verified as bubble-tight. This isolation is critical because any leakage through the No. 2 shut-off valve from the downstream system could introduce pressure fluctuations or backpressure into the assembly. Such interference would prevent the tester from obtaining an accurate, static reading of the pressure differential across the check valves, which is necessary to confirm they are holding at the required minimum of 1.0 psi.
Incorrect: Ensuring the assembly is isolated to prevent water hammer is a general plumbing practice but not the technical reason for the bubble-tight requirement during the test. Calibration of the test kit is a separate procedure performed before the test begins and does not depend on the No. 2 shut-off valve’s tightness. While confirming spring tension is a goal of the test, the tightness of the shut-off valve is the precondition that allows that measurement to be accurate, not the confirmation of the tension itself.
Takeaway: A bubble-tight No. 2 shut-off valve is essential in DCVA testing to prevent downstream pressure from compromising the accuracy of the check valve differential readings.
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Question 4 of 9
4. Question
The risk committee at a fund administrator is debating standards for PVBA assembly re-commissioning as part of business continuity. The central issue is that the facility’s critical infrastructure relies on Pressure Vacuum Breaker Assemblies (PVBA) that must be validated following a system-wide maintenance shutdown. To ensure the internal audit aligns with ASSE 5110 standards, the committee needs to define the specific performance threshold for the air inlet valve. Which requirement must be met for the PVBA to be considered compliant during the field test?
Correct
Correct: According to ASSE 5110 and the design standards for a Pressure Vacuum Breaker Assembly (PVBA), the air inlet valve is designed to open and admit air when the internal pressure drops to a minimum of 1.0 psi above atmospheric pressure. This action breaks the vacuum and prevents backsiphonage. Simultaneously, the check valve must be verified as drip-tight to ensure no backflow occurs through the piping.
Incorrect: Requiring the valve to open at 0.0 psi is a failure of the safety margin, as the standard requires it to open earlier (at 1.0 psi) to prevent vacuum formation. A 2.0 psi differential requirement is characteristic of the relief valve in a Reduced Pressure Zone (RPZ) assembly, not the air inlet of a PVBA. Testing for backpressure by comparing downstream and upstream pressure is not the primary field test for a PVBA, which is specifically designed for backsiphonage protection rather than high-head backpressure.
Takeaway: A PVBA is successfully re-commissioned when the air inlet valve opens at a minimum of 1.0 psi and the check valve is confirmed to be drip-tight to prevent backsiphonage.
Incorrect
Correct: According to ASSE 5110 and the design standards for a Pressure Vacuum Breaker Assembly (PVBA), the air inlet valve is designed to open and admit air when the internal pressure drops to a minimum of 1.0 psi above atmospheric pressure. This action breaks the vacuum and prevents backsiphonage. Simultaneously, the check valve must be verified as drip-tight to ensure no backflow occurs through the piping.
Incorrect: Requiring the valve to open at 0.0 psi is a failure of the safety margin, as the standard requires it to open earlier (at 1.0 psi) to prevent vacuum formation. A 2.0 psi differential requirement is characteristic of the relief valve in a Reduced Pressure Zone (RPZ) assembly, not the air inlet of a PVBA. Testing for backpressure by comparing downstream and upstream pressure is not the primary field test for a PVBA, which is specifically designed for backsiphonage protection rather than high-head backpressure.
Takeaway: A PVBA is successfully re-commissioned when the air inlet valve opens at a minimum of 1.0 psi and the check valve is confirmed to be drip-tight to prevent backsiphonage.
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Question 5 of 9
5. Question
Which characterization of DCVA Assembly Testing is most accurate for ASSE 5110 Backflow Prevention Assembly Tester (ASSE 5110)? During the field test of a Double Check Valve Assembly (DCVA) installed in a low-hazard application, a tester utilizes a differential pressure gauge to evaluate the integrity of the internal components. If the gauge indicates that the first check valve is maintaining a static pressure differential of 0.7 psid, how should the tester professionally conclude the evaluation of that specific component?
Correct
Correct: According to ASSE 5110 and the associated ASSE 5000 series standards, each check valve in a Double Check Valve Assembly (DCVA) must be independently tight against backpressure and maintain a minimum static pressure differential of at least 1.0 psid in the direction of flow. A reading of 0.7 psid falls below this mandatory threshold, indicating a failure of the check valve’s ability to seat properly or a weakened spring mechanism.
Incorrect: The suggestion that 0.5 psid is sufficient is incorrect, as the industry standard for a passing check valve in a DCVA is 1.0 psid. There is no provision in the testing protocol that allows a high reading on the second check valve to compensate for a failing first check valve; both must independently meet the 1.0 psid requirement. The 5.0 psid requirement is an arbitrary figure and does not reflect the actual performance standards used in backflow prevention assembly testing.
Takeaway: For a DCVA to pass an ASSE 5110 field test, each check valve must independently maintain a minimum static pressure differential of 1.0 psid.
Incorrect
Correct: According to ASSE 5110 and the associated ASSE 5000 series standards, each check valve in a Double Check Valve Assembly (DCVA) must be independently tight against backpressure and maintain a minimum static pressure differential of at least 1.0 psid in the direction of flow. A reading of 0.7 psid falls below this mandatory threshold, indicating a failure of the check valve’s ability to seat properly or a weakened spring mechanism.
Incorrect: The suggestion that 0.5 psid is sufficient is incorrect, as the industry standard for a passing check valve in a DCVA is 1.0 psid. There is no provision in the testing protocol that allows a high reading on the second check valve to compensate for a failing first check valve; both must independently meet the 1.0 psid requirement. The 5.0 psid requirement is an arbitrary figure and does not reflect the actual performance standards used in backflow prevention assembly testing.
Takeaway: For a DCVA to pass an ASSE 5110 field test, each check valve must independently maintain a minimum static pressure differential of 1.0 psid.
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Question 6 of 9
6. Question
Upon discovering a gap in Diagnosing test failures based on readings, which action is most appropriate? While performing a field test on a Reduced Pressure Zone (RPZ) assembly, a tester observes that the differential pressure gauge reading drops to 0 psid and the relief valve continues to discharge water after the number two shut-off valve is closed. To properly address this failure, the tester should:
Correct
Correct: A reading of 0 psid on the differential pressure gauge during an RPZ test, accompanied by a relief valve discharge, is a classic indicator of a leaking first check valve. This occurs because the first check valve fails to maintain the required pressure drop between the supply side and the intermediate zone. As the pressures equalize, the differential drops below the relief valve’s opening threshold (minimum 2.0 psid), causing the relief valve to open and discharge water in an attempt to maintain the differential.
Incorrect
Correct: A reading of 0 psid on the differential pressure gauge during an RPZ test, accompanied by a relief valve discharge, is a classic indicator of a leaking first check valve. This occurs because the first check valve fails to maintain the required pressure drop between the supply side and the intermediate zone. As the pressures equalize, the differential drops below the relief valve’s opening threshold (minimum 2.0 psid), causing the relief valve to open and discharge water in an attempt to maintain the differential.
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Question 7 of 9
7. Question
The operations team at a payment services provider has encountered an exception involving Boiler systems and thermal expansion during risk appetite review. They report that following the installation of a reduced pressure principle assembly on the boiler’s make-up water line, the system’s temperature and pressure relief valve has begun to discharge water during every heating cycle. As a certified tester evaluating the facility’s cross-connection control compliance, which of the following best describes the relationship between the backflow preventer and the boiler’s pressure fluctuations?
Correct
Correct: When a backflow prevention assembly is installed on a water supply line, it creates a ‘closed system.’ In a standard ‘open system’ without a backflow preventer, water that expands as it is heated in a boiler can push back into the public water main. Once the assembly is installed, its check valves prevent this reverse flow, meaning the expanding water has no room to move, which causes a sharp increase in pressure that must be relieved by a thermal expansion tank or a relief valve.
Incorrect: The idea that a backflow preventer causes a thermostat to overcompensate is technically incorrect, as the assembly affects pressure, not the boiler’s temperature control logic. Mechanical vibration of check valves does not create the type of hydrostatic pressure surge required to trigger a relief valve. The suggestion that an assembly changes the mineral content or boiling point of the water is scientifically inaccurate and unrelated to the principles of backflow prevention or thermal expansion.
Takeaway: The installation of a backflow prevention assembly converts a plumbing system into a closed system, necessitating the use of thermal expansion tanks to manage pressure increases from heated water.
Incorrect
Correct: When a backflow prevention assembly is installed on a water supply line, it creates a ‘closed system.’ In a standard ‘open system’ without a backflow preventer, water that expands as it is heated in a boiler can push back into the public water main. Once the assembly is installed, its check valves prevent this reverse flow, meaning the expanding water has no room to move, which causes a sharp increase in pressure that must be relieved by a thermal expansion tank or a relief valve.
Incorrect: The idea that a backflow preventer causes a thermostat to overcompensate is technically incorrect, as the assembly affects pressure, not the boiler’s temperature control logic. Mechanical vibration of check valves does not create the type of hydrostatic pressure surge required to trigger a relief valve. The suggestion that an assembly changes the mineral content or boiling point of the water is scientifically inaccurate and unrelated to the principles of backflow prevention or thermal expansion.
Takeaway: The installation of a backflow prevention assembly converts a plumbing system into a closed system, necessitating the use of thermal expansion tanks to manage pressure increases from heated water.
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Question 8 of 9
8. Question
Senior management at an insurer requests your input on Outlet shut-off valve closure as part of business continuity. Their briefing note explains that during a scheduled risk assessment of a commercial property, a backflow tester reported that the No. 2 shut-off valve on a 4-inch Double Check Valve Assembly (DCVA) would not seat tightly. The facility manager is concerned that this will delay the certification required for their insurance policy renewal. Which action should the tester take to provide an accurate assessment of the assembly’s internal check valves despite the leaking shut-off valve?
Correct
Correct: In accordance with ASSE 5110 and standard field test procedures, a tight-closing No. 2 shut-off valve is required to create a static pressure condition. If the No. 2 shut-off valve leaks, the tester should attempt to locate and close a downstream valve (such as a main building shut-off) to stop the flow of water. This allows the tester to accurately evaluate the check valves under the required static conditions without the interference of water movement or pressure fluctuations caused by the leak.
Incorrect: Recording a failure of the No. 1 check valve is incorrect because a leaking shut-off valve does not necessarily indicate that the internal check valves are faulty. Performing a test under dynamic (moving water) conditions is invalid, as backflow prevention assembly testing requires specific static pressure states to ensure accuracy. Bypassing the assembly with a jumper hose is a violation of cross-connection control standards unless the bypass itself is protected by an equivalent backflow preventer, and it does not facilitate the testing of the existing assembly.
Takeaway: When an outlet shut-off valve leaks during a backflow test, the tester must establish a static pressure condition by closing a downstream valve to ensure valid results.
Incorrect
Correct: In accordance with ASSE 5110 and standard field test procedures, a tight-closing No. 2 shut-off valve is required to create a static pressure condition. If the No. 2 shut-off valve leaks, the tester should attempt to locate and close a downstream valve (such as a main building shut-off) to stop the flow of water. This allows the tester to accurately evaluate the check valves under the required static conditions without the interference of water movement or pressure fluctuations caused by the leak.
Incorrect: Recording a failure of the No. 1 check valve is incorrect because a leaking shut-off valve does not necessarily indicate that the internal check valves are faulty. Performing a test under dynamic (moving water) conditions is invalid, as backflow prevention assembly testing requires specific static pressure states to ensure accuracy. Bypassing the assembly with a jumper hose is a violation of cross-connection control standards unless the bypass itself is protected by an equivalent backflow preventer, and it does not facilitate the testing of the existing assembly.
Takeaway: When an outlet shut-off valve leaks during a backflow test, the tester must establish a static pressure condition by closing a downstream valve to ensure valid results.
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Question 9 of 9
9. Question
An escalation from the front office at a private bank concerns RPZ assembly re-commissioning during market conduct. The team reports that after a major overhaul of the facility’s primary backflow prevention system, an internal audit is being performed to verify that the Reduced Pressure Zone (RPZ) assembly was correctly re-commissioned according to ASSE 5110 standards. To validate the assembly’s integrity before final sign-off, the auditor must review the test results for the relief valve’s opening point. Which specific performance metric must the test report demonstrate to confirm the assembly is functioning as designed?
Correct
Correct: According to ASSE 5110 and the performance requirements for ASSE 1013 (RPZ) assemblies, the relief valve must be designed to maintain a zone of lower pressure between the two check valves. During the commissioning test, the relief valve must open to discharge water when the pressure differential across the first check valve drops to a minimum of 2.0 psid. This ensures that if the first check valve fails or if supply pressure fluctuates, the potentially contaminated water is vented to the atmosphere rather than entering the potable water system.
Incorrect: The second option is incorrect because a relief valve that remains closed at 1.0 psid is failing the safety standard, as it must open at or above 2.0 psid. The third option describes a total loss of pressure scenario which is not the specific threshold for relief valve activation in a functioning RPZ. The fourth option is incorrect because while fouling the second check is part of a back-pressure test, the relief valve’s primary safety function is governed by the pressure differential across the first check valve, not the state of the second check valve alone.
Takeaway: A properly functioning RPZ assembly must have a relief valve that opens at a minimum pressure differential of 2.0 psid across the first check valve to ensure backflow protection.
Incorrect
Correct: According to ASSE 5110 and the performance requirements for ASSE 1013 (RPZ) assemblies, the relief valve must be designed to maintain a zone of lower pressure between the two check valves. During the commissioning test, the relief valve must open to discharge water when the pressure differential across the first check valve drops to a minimum of 2.0 psid. This ensures that if the first check valve fails or if supply pressure fluctuates, the potentially contaminated water is vented to the atmosphere rather than entering the potable water system.
Incorrect: The second option is incorrect because a relief valve that remains closed at 1.0 psid is failing the safety standard, as it must open at or above 2.0 psid. The third option describes a total loss of pressure scenario which is not the specific threshold for relief valve activation in a functioning RPZ. The fourth option is incorrect because while fouling the second check is part of a back-pressure test, the relief valve’s primary safety function is governed by the pressure differential across the first check valve, not the state of the second check valve alone.
Takeaway: A properly functioning RPZ assembly must have a relief valve that opens at a minimum pressure differential of 2.0 psid across the first check valve to ensure backflow protection.
